In 1993 Kuz’minov and Osiko pointed out the ‘disturbance�?of stoichiometry in LN crystals is primarily because of the deficiency of oxygen in Nb2O5, utilized like a raw material First soften (Czochralski approach) [186]. Appropriately, based on its creation technologies, niobium pentoxide can adopt a variety of compositions Nb2O5−x. Thus, at https://elliottq385zaz2.activosblog.com/profile